Calculating calf-adjusted weaning weights and herd indexes
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EmailYou can’t manage what you don’t measure in your cow herd.
All beef cow-calf operations can evaluate their cow performance with simple calculations that start with the adjusted weaning weight formula and index.
Weaning weights are used to evaluate differences in growth potential of calves and the milking ability of dams. In order to evaluate differences in weaning weights, individual calf records must be adjusted to a standard basis. The Beef Improvement Federation (BIF) recommends that weaning weights be standardized to 205 days-of-age and a mature age-of-dam basis.
Weaning weights should be taken when a contemporary group (same sex, age range and management) of calves averages about 205 days of age. Adjusted weaning weights should be calculated for calves within an age range of 160 to 250 days of age. Records on calves weaned outside this range should be given a special management code and handled as a separate management group; they should not be adjusted for age of dam because appropriate correction factors are not available.
Adjusted 205-day weaning weight is computed on the basis of average daily gain from birth to weaning, using the following formula:
| Adjusted 2015 day weaning weight = ( | weaning weight - birth weight | x 205 ) = birth weight + age of dam adjusted |
| weaning age |
If the actual birth weight is not available, the appropriate standard birth weight designated by the respective breed association of the calf’s sire may be used (see table below).
|
BIF STANDARD ADJUSTMENT FACTORS FOR BIRTH AND WEANING WEIGHT |
|||
|
Age of Dam at Birth of the Calf |
Birth Weight |
Male |
Female |
|
2 |
+8 |
+60 |
+54 |
|
3 |
+5 |
+40 |
+36 |
|
4 |
+2 |
+20 |
+18 |
|
5-10 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
11 and older |
+3 |
+20 |
+18 |
Individual animal records for adjusted 205-day weaning weight and adjusted 205-day weaning weight ratio should be calculated and reported separately for bulls, steers and heifers. The weaning weight ratio is a valuable number and should be calculated with the following formula:
| Adjusted 205 day weaning weight ratio = ( | Individual adjusted 205 day weaning weight | ) x 100 |
| Group average adjusted 2015 day weaning weight |
Adjusted 205-day weaning weight ratios document each animal's percentage deviation from the average of it’s’ contemporaries and are useful in ranking individuals within each sex when making selections. For weight ratios to be of value, contemporaries should be herd mates, similar in age and raised under the same management and environmental conditions.
You will need a scale to take weaning weights. Michigan State University Extension has a portable, digital scale unit available for rent at $30 per day for farms located in the south-central Michigan area.
Progress within your operation is much easier to achieve with good records. Contact your regional MSU Extension beef educator for more assistance with production records or visit the Beef Team website for additional cattle management resources.